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Convert Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84

Convert coordinates from Pulkovo 1942 (EPSG:4284) to WGS 84 (EPSG:4326) — official EPSG transformation parameters, accuracy and area of use, with a free in-browser converter.

Direct link to this transformation: epsgtransform.com/transform/epsg-4284-to-epsg-4326

About converting Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84

Pulkovo 1942 (EPSG:4284) is the classical Soviet datum — "SK-42" — on the Krassowsky 1940 ellipsoid, with its origin at the Pulkovo Observatory near Saint Petersburg. It and its Gauss–Krüger zones (EPSG:28402–28432) underlie decades of mapping across the former USSR and Eastern Bloc.

Because the network spans eleven time zones, EPSG publishes more than a dozen Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 transformations, each fitted to a country or region — Russia, the Baltics, Central Asia, Eastern Europe. Accuracies range from a couple of metres to around 10 m.

Select by area of use, and note that several successor systems (SK-95, GSK-2011, and national ETRS89-based frames) have replaced SK-42 for new work.

Why people convert EPSG:4284 to EPSG:4326

  • Georeferencing Soviet-era topographic maps
  • Migrating geological and infrastructure archives from SK-42
  • Integrating Gauss-Krüger zone data with GPS surveys
  • Working across borders where different SK-42 fits apply

Try it: Pulkovo Observatory, Russia

Input (EPSG:4284): 30.3267, 59.7714

Official EPSG transformations from Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84

The EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset defines 13 transformations between Pulkovo 1942 (EPSG:4284) and WGS 84 (EPSG:4326). Each applies to a specific area — pick the one whose area of use covers your data.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (10)

EPSG:1303±2 mBest accuracy
Method:
Position Vector transformation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Kazakhstan - Caspian Sea
Scope:
Transformation of coordinates at 2m level of accuracy.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)43.822metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-108.842metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-119.585metre
X-axis rotation(rx)1.455arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-0.761arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)0.737arc-second
Scale difference(ds)0.549parts per million

Mean of 13 stations along entire Kazak coastline.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (15)

EPSG:1809±2 m
Method:
Position Vector transformation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Azerbaijan - coastal area Baku to Astara
Scope:
Oil and gas exploration and production.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)926.4metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-715.9metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-186.4metre
X-axis rotation(rx)-10.364arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-20.78arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)26.452arc-second
Scale difference(ds)-7.224parts per million

Parameter values calculated by Elf Exploration and Production based on geodetic survey carried out by Azerbaijan State Committee for Geodesy and Cartography.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (20)

EPSG:5044±3 m
Method:
Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Russia - onshore
Scope:
Transformation of coordinates at 3m level of accuracy.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)23.57metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-140.95metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-79.8metre
X-axis rotation(rx)0arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-0.35arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)-0.79arc-second
Scale difference(ds)-0.22parts per million

Derived through concatenation of Pulkovo 1942 to PZ-90.02 to WGS 84. Replaces Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (17) (code 1267).

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (17)

EPSG:1267±4 m
Method:
Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Russia - onshore
Scope:
Transformation of coordinates at 4m level of accuracy.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)23.92metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-141.27metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-80.9metre
X-axis rotation(rx)0arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-0.35arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)-0.82arc-second
Scale difference(ds)-0.12parts per million

Derived through concatenation of Pulkovo 1942 to PZ-90 (1) (tfm code 15844) and PZ-90 to WGS 84 (2) (tfm code 1244. Mandated for use in Russia by GOST R 51794-2001, but this has been superseded by GOST R 51794-2008. Replaced by tfm code 5044.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (6)

EPSG:1290±4 m
Method:
Geocentric translations (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Latvia - onshore
Scope:
Military survey.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)24metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-124metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-82metre

Derived at 5 stations.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (16)

EPSG:15865±4.5 m
Method:
Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Europe - FSU onshore
Scope:
Geodesy.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)25metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-141metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-78.5metre
X-axis rotation(rx)0arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-0.35arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)-0.736arc-second
Scale difference(ds)0parts per million

Derived via PZ-90 at 30 stations throughout USSR (Former Soviet Union, FSU) through concatenation of Pulkovo 1942 to PZ-90 (1) (tfm code 15844) and PZ-90 to WGS 84 (1) (tfm code 15843).

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (14)

EPSG:1808±5 m
Method:
Position Vector transformation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Asia - FSU - Azerbaijan and Georgia
Scope:
Oil and gas exploration and production.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)686.1metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-123.5metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-574.4metre
X-axis rotation(rx)8.045arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-23.366arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)10.791arc-second
Scale difference(ds)-2.926parts per million

Mean of 3 stations in western Georgia, 4 stations in eastern Georgia and 4 stations in eastern Azerbaijan. Derived for use on AIOC early oil western export pipeline, but adopted for all AIOC work replacing the 1995 AIOC transformation (code 1807).

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (21)

EPSG:6899±5 m
Method:
Geocentric translations (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Estonia - onshore
Scope:
Military survey.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)22metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-126metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-85metre

Derived at 19 stations. Accuracy 2m, 3m and 3m in X, Y and Z axes.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (12)

EPSG:1334±9 m
Method:
Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Estonia - onshore
Scope:
Not known.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)21.58719metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-97.54127metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-60.92546metre
X-axis rotation(rx)-1.01378arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-0.58117arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)-0.2348arc-second
Scale difference(ds)-4.6121parts per million

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (2)

EPSG:1679±9 m
Method:
Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Lithuania - onshore
Scope:
(null/copy) Approximation for medium and low accuracy applications assuming equality between plate-fixed static and earth-fixed dynamic CRSs, ignoring static/dynamic CRS differences.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)-40.595metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-18.55metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-69.339metre
X-axis rotation(rx)-2.508arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)-1.832arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)2.611arc-second
Scale difference(ds)-4.299parts per million

Parameter values taken from Pulkovo 1942 to LKS94(ETRS89) (1) (code 1274) assuming that LKS94(ETRS89) is equivalent to WGS 84 within the accuracy of the transformation.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (13)

EPSG:1807±10 m
Method:
Position Vector transformation (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Azerbaijan
Scope:
Oil and gas exploration and production.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)27metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-135metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-84.5metre
X-axis rotation(rx)0arc-second
Y-axis rotation(ry)0arc-second
Z-axis rotation(rz)0.554arc-second
Scale difference(ds)0.2263parts per million

Derived via WGS72 values taken from SOCAR Magnavox 1502 manual. Used by AIOC 1995-1997 then replaced by the AIOC97 values (tfm code 1808). Do not confuse with AIOC95 vertical datum as used in southern Caspian Sea and at Sangachal terminal by AIOC.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (7)

EPSG:1291±44 m
Method:
Geocentric translations (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Kazakhstan
Scope:
Military survey.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)15metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-130metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-84metre

Derived at 2 stations.

Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84 (1)

EPSG:1254
Method:
Geocentric translations (geog2D domain)
Area of use:
Russia - onshore
Scope:
Military survey.
ParameterValueUnit
X-axis translation(tx)28metre
Y-axis translation(ty)-130metre
Z-axis translation(tz)-95metre

Accuracy estimate not available.

Convert EPSG:4284 to EPSG:4326 in code

The same transformation with common GIS tools and libraries:

from pyproj import Transformer

transformer = Transformer.from_crs("EPSG:4284", "EPSG:4326", always_xy=True)
x, y = transformer.transform(-73.9857, 40.7484)
print(x, y)

Source: EPSG:4284 — Pulkovo 1942

geographic system using latitude and longitude on an ellipsoid · Area of use: Europe - FSU onshore

+proj=longlat +ellps=krass +towgs84=25,-141,-78.5,0,0.35,0.736,0 +no_defs +type=crs
More about EPSG:4284 →

Target: EPSG:4326 — WGS 84

geographic system using latitude and longitude on an ellipsoid · Area of use: World (by country)

+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +type=crs
More about EPSG:4326 →

Frequently asked questions

Which Pulkovo 1942 transformation applies to my data?
Match the operation's area of use to the country your data covers. The datum was adjusted regionally, so the Russia parameters differ from those for, say, Poland or Kazakhstan.
What is the difference between Pulkovo 1942 and Pulkovo 1995?
Pulkovo 1995 (SK-95, EPSG:4200) is a readjustment of the same network with better internal consistency. They differ by metres; EPSG lists separate transformations for each.
How accurate is converting Pulkovo 1942 to WGS 84?
The most accurate official EPSG transformation between these systems is accurate to about ±2 m within its stated area of use. Browser-based converters approximate datum shifts with Helmert parameters; for surveying-grade work apply the official transformation in a desktop GIS.
Does my data leave the browser when I use this converter?
No. All coordinate transformations are computed locally in your browser using proj4js. The coordinates you enter are never transmitted to any server.
Need the reverse? Convert EPSG:4326 to EPSG:4284 →